What is the primary function of a transformer in an HVAC system?

The primary function of a transformer in an HVAC system is to step up or step down voltage levels. This is crucial for electrical systems as it allows for the efficient distribution of electricity across different components. By adjusting the voltage, transformers facilitate the safe operation of various equipment, ensuring compatibility with the voltage requirements of the devices they serve.

For instance, a step-up transformer increases voltage levels from a source to a higher voltage for transmission, which minimizes energy loss over long distances. Conversely, a step-down transformer reduces high voltage levels to safer, usable levels for residential or commercial equipment. This capability enables HVAC systems to operate efficiently and effectively, providing desired climate control in buildings.

The other choices address different functions that are not relevant to the primary role of a transformer. For example, converting alternating current to direct current relates to rectification, not what transformers do. Measuring electrical resistance is a separate capability related to multimeters or ohmmeters, and storing and releasing electrical energy aligns more closely with capacitors or batteries rather than transformers. Therefore, understanding the role of a transformer in voltage regulation is essential for anyone working in HVAC systems.