What type of wiring is typically used for HVAC control circuits?

The use of low voltage wiring for HVAC control circuits is fundamental because these systems often operate on a control voltage of usually 24 volts, which is considered low voltage. This low voltage level is suitable for safely controlling various components such as thermostats, relays, and contactors without posing significant risks associated with higher voltage levels.

Low voltage wiring offers benefits such as increased safety, reduced electrical shock hazards, and minimal interference with the primary high voltage circuits powering the HVAC units. Additionally, using low voltage wiring helps to prevent damage to sensitive control components that could be caused by higher voltage spikes or surges.

In contrast, high voltage wiring is primarily used for power distribution within the system and is not appropriate for sensitive control applications. Medium voltage wiring is typically reserved for specialized industrial applications and does not fit the standard needs of HVAC control systems. Coaxial cable, commonly used for cable television and internet connections, is not suitable for HVAC controls as it does not provide the necessary characteristics for control signal transmission. The selection of low voltage wiring is therefore crucial for the efficient and safe operation of HVAC control circuits.